- The population of the Sulu archipelago is primarily dependent on marine resources. Deep-sea fishing is an existing large-scale industry. Throughout the archipelago, fishing is practiced, particularly in those areas inhabited by the Samals and the Badjaos such as the major fishing grounds grounds of Jolo, Tawi-Tawi, and Sitangkai.
- Industries are based on fishing and agricultural activities such as rice milling, copra processing, abaca production, and semi-finished fish and shell materials manufacturing. Cottage industries are encouraged and supported. Textile weaving, boat building, tools and weapons making, production of decorative goods from brass, bronze, gold, and silver combined with coral and shell products, are some of the secondary industries.
- The major crops of most Sulu farmers are cassava, rice, corn, coconut, banana and abaca. Few tropical fruits are cultivated as much as abaca and coconut, which are produced on a commercial scale.
- Shifting cultivation or non-irrigation farming is also practiced. Most of the arable lands are planted to rice or coconut. In addition to rice and cassava as main crops, early maturing cereals such as corn, sorghum, and sesame are also cultivated. Root crops such as sweet potatoes are planted in the field in between planting seasons. Vegetables and tropical fruits are equally important. Coconut palm is becoming as valuable as in other parts of the Philippines. The trunk of the coconut tree is used as a sugar cane squeezer while the leaves are used for basket making. Brooms are made from the ribs. Coconut oil, which is as valuable as rice in everyday life, is produced in sufficient quantities.
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